Key takeaways from the report:
Nature-based solutions must be embedded in planning, budgeting, and policy processes rather than being treated as standalone initiatives.
With a strategic investment of INR 172.97 crore, Mangaluru could potentially avoid INR 11.62 crore in annual damages caused by flooding and other climate-related risks.
Mangalore: With an aim to combat flooding, coastal erosion, and the broader environmental risks posed by climate change, the Center for Study of Science, Technology and Policy (CSTEP) has outlined a detailed roadmap for integrating Nature-based Solutions (NbS) into the urban planning of select wards in Mangaluru, a coastal city in Karnataka.
The report titled Urban Greenprints: A Nature-based Solutions Feasibility Framework for Urban Coastal Regions highlights that with a strategic investment of INR 172.97 crore, Mangaluru could potentially avoid INR 11.62 crore in annual damages caused by flooding and other climate-related risks.
Due to rapid urbanisation, encroachments on water bodies, and increasing infrastructure demands, Mangaluru has witnessed a decline in natural spaces. As a result, the city has become vulnerable to extreme climate events. The report highlights how traditional infrastructures, such as storm water drains and concrete barriers, have started becoming insufficient to mitigate the impact of climate change. To address these challenges, CSTEP has developed a framework proposing a greater focus on NbS solutions to restore ecosystems, manage storm water, reduce the urban heat island effect, and protect vulnerable communities.
One of the key findings of the report is that Mangaluru has significant potential to integrate NbS in various urban sectors. For example, residential areas in the study wards, namely, Panambur, Port, Hoige Bazaar, and Bengre, can be considered for rooftop greening. As per the report, these rooftops alone can accommodate up to 80% more green infrastructure, offering improved air quality, reduced urban heat, and enhanced resilience against flooding. Additionally, the implementation of permeable pavements in transport corridors in the select wards can improve urban drainage, reduce runoff, and promote sustainable water management. Another promising intervention is the restoration of water bodies such as lakes and rivers, which can play a crucial role in mitigating flood risks and improving biodiversity.
Mangaluru has already begun to see some positive results from peri-urban NbS initiatives, such as the Coastal Bioshield Project at Tannirbhavi, which uses mangroves to protect the coastline from erosion and sealevel rise. Similarly, lake rejuvenation efforts are working to restore natural water cycles and improve the city’s flood resilience. However, the report notes that while these projects show promise, many of them are still largely driven by top-down approaches, with limited community involvement. The report highlights the need for more inclusive governance and better coordination among stakeholders, including local communities, government bodies, and private organisations.
One of the report’s central recommendations is to position NbS-related initiatives as key focus points in urban planning and development. With an integrated approach of prioritising areas particularly vulnerable to coastal erosion and flooding, such as Surathkal and Ullal, the report proposes developing a master plan to address these risks effectively. The report also discusses the importance of spatial mapping to identify areas where NbS can provide the greatest benefits.
As urban coastal areas such asMangaluru continue to face growing climate challenges, the report’s findings offer a replicable model for other coastal cities in India. By adopting NbS as a core part of urban planning, cities can reduce their vulnerability to climate impactsand create more sustainable living environments for residents.
To read the full report, visit CSTEP’s official website.
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